Circadian rhythm is a person's biological clock. It regulates various biological processes on a 24 hour schedule. The most prominent of circadian rhythms are the sleep-wake cycle; temperature system and endrocrine system.
When there is a disturbance in a person's circadian rhythm specifically the sleep-wake system it is called a disorder. There are 2 types of sleep-wake disorders Transient disorder and chronic disorders. Transient is when the biological clock malfunctions due to Jet lag; a change in work or social tasks or an illness. Chronic disorders can be categorized as Delayed sleep phase, it is a persistent inability to fall asleep or awake at acceptable times. Individuals may fall asleep late in the early morning hours or wake up late in late morning hours or early afternoon. Once asleep these persons with this disorder are able to maintain sleep and have a total normal sleep time.
Advanced sleep phase is a persistent early evening sleep time and an early morning wake up time. Advanced sleep phase is less common than Delayed sleep phase and is most often see in the elderly and depressed people.
Treatment for Circadian Rhythm sleep disorder consists of Behavior therapy where the person is taught to avoid naps, caffeine, and other stimulants and to avoid using the bed for anything other than sleep. Light therapy is used to advance or delay sleep. Medications as a short term therapy have been effective. Any sort of disruptive sleep patterns should be consulted with a doctor.
Chronic sleep disturbances can be harmful both physically and mentally.
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